Electromagnetic reversing-gear.



B. BRUKW'IGKI.

ELECTROMAGNETIC REVERSING GEAR. APPLICATION FILED MAR.28, 1912.

1,044,984, Patented Nov. 19, 1912.

to that ofA. In the interests of simpli the magnetcore A is illustrated as an V IBRONISLAW BRUKWICKI, or nAKowo, .nnsn sinner, GERMANY.

ELEoTRoMAsNnTIo nnvnnsins-onan.

Specification of Letters iatent.

Patented Nov. 19, 1912.

Application filed March 2a, 1912. Serial m. 688 884.

To all, whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, BRONISL'AW BRUK- wIoui, a subject of the German Emperor, and residing at Rakowo, near Niehof, Kreis W ongrowitz, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electromagnetic Reversing-Gears, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in electro1nagnetic gears, whereby without it being necessary to reverse the driving machine or to weaken the torque exerted by the same, the driven machine can be rotated at all desired speeds in either direction.

The invention consists in an improved elcctro-magnetic reversing gear in which the armaturcs of two synchronous machines are electrically and mechanically connected to a short circuited armature winding in which are induced by means of two magnetic fields, rotating synchronously to each other, electro-magn'etic forces the resultant action of which rotates forward or backward a magnet core mounted on the driven shaft and generating one of the. magnetic fields, whereby the closest regulation of the revolutions can be obtained by alter-in the excitation of one of the magnet cores w liil'e the excitation of the other remains constant.

One example of the improved reversing gear according to the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which,

Figure 1 is a front elevation, and Fig. 2

an axial section.

On the driving shaft F is mounted the armature consisting of two parts connected to each other, a part D and a part E. Between the two there is fitted a steel ring L. The part D is of wound band iron while the part E consists in known manner of iron rings. The purpose of this arrangement of the parts D and E is to facilitate the passage through the armature of the lines of force in the direction of the laminations of these parts permeating the fixed ma net core 13 and the magnet core A mounted on the driven shaft.

On the armature there is arranged a winding H short circuited on itself, which as can be seen-from the drawings is out both by the lines of force of the magnet core A and those of the magnet core B during the rotation. Both magnet cores have projecting poles. "lhe pole pitch of B corresponds two poles only. The excitation of the mag justable brushes, and a fixed commutator K.

The commutator brushes are diametrically opposite to each other and extend inward to the commutator segments. These latter are connected to theexciting winding of the magnet core B, which is a usual continuous current armature winding. On tracing the circuit followed by the current energizing the iixed magnet core B, which enters at one "of the shifting brushes on the fixed commututor K'and after flowing through the winding flows out by the other brush, it is seen that the north and south poles induced by the flow of the current through the wind ing of the magnet core B shift unifumly with the brushes, and therefore with the poles of the magnet core A, since the brushes are connected to the magnet core asca'n be seen from the drawings. It is thus possible by suitable shifting of the brushc: to arrange for example that a south pole of the magnet core- A will be always opposite to a north pole of B or by reversal of the direction of one of the exciting currents that similar poles are always opposite to each other.

. From this arrangei'nent the following method of operation is obtained. The manner in which the exciting current is supplied to the i'nagnet windings will how be more particularly described. The current is derived from any suitable source to which the leads or main wires 1 and 2 are connected, and from these main wires 3 and 4C, respectively, that connect with the stationary slip rings 5 and 6. These rings, together with the coi'nniut'ator K, are mounted on a body of insulation or other suitable support 7, which support is stationary by being mounted on brackets 8 secured to the stationary magnet B. The brushes 9 and 1G bear on the slip rings 5 and 6, respectively, and on 'or connected with these slip ring brushes are the commutator brushes 11 and 12, so that current will pass through the wire 3, slip ring 5, brushes 9 and ll, wire 13, windings of the magnet B, wire 1e, rhcostat 15, wire 16, commutator K. brushes and 10 and ie as ceinrei.

itor brushes rotate with the magnet A which carries the brushes, it is obvious that the magnet1c poles of the magnet B will rotate correspond ngly.

- The windings l7 and 18 of the magnet B are supplied with exciting current through the brushes 9 and 10, by such brushes being connected by wires or other connections 19 and 20 with the windings l7 and 18. The rheostat serves to vary the exciting current in themagnet B for obtaining ditlerent speed ratiosmbetween the driving and driven elements F and G. Similar means may be provided for reversing the current in one of the magnet,windings to reverse the direction or rotation of the driven element. lVhenthe armature D, E is set in rotation owing to electrodynamic reaction between the winding H and the magnet core A, the latter is carried around also. At no load there is synchronism between A and D E apart from the very small slip due to bearing'friction. On loading the magnet core A lags behind the armatureD E until the current generated in the winding H is sufficient to provide the corresponding torque. When the exciting current of the magnet winding B has such a direction that dissimilar poles of A and B are opposite to each other, and the current in the winding H due to the load tor example, produced by an electro-motive force having the magnitude and direction of the full lines with arrows, and when by corresponding excitation of the magnet core B an equal and opposing electromotive force is induced in the winding H, as shown by the dotted lines with arrow, the slip isincreased and the armature gradually brought to rest since the electro-motive force induced hereby owing to the cutting of the lines of force issuing from A, is compensated by the equal and opposing E. M. F. impressed by the winding of the magnet core B. Conversely for gradually increasing the speed from rest it is merely necessary to gradually diminish the effect of the exciting winding of B. By increasing the opposing electromotive force generated by the magnet, core B beyond the amount required to bring the magnet core A to rest, this latter is co1npelled to rotate in the reverse direction in order to counteract the electro-motive force impressed on the winding H. On reversal of the direction of the exciting currentwhich is to be varied, similar poles come opposite each other. Anelectro-magnetic force generated in the winding H by the excitation has as consequence a. summation of the electro-motive forces generated by the two magnet cores, and the magnet cores A tends to rotate faster thanthe armature D E as it is only in this manner that it can effectively counteract the electro-motive force impressed on the winding H by the magnet core B, which E. M. F. can be only increased if thesaid magnet core A lags.

poles of corresponding pitch, means for sup- Obviously the two magnet'cores may exchange positions, the casting A taking the position of B and the wound laminated core B rotate on the shaft G along with its commutator K. This arrangement gives better facilities for supplying the exciting current, and improved commutation, since the brushes are at rest.

The construction described is particularly well adapted for use with marine turbines and power driven vehicles and vessels of all types since it. eliminates change speed gears, shafts, couplings, chain or bevel wheel gears and the like with-their associated rods and levers, also the fly-wheel and differential ear.

What .I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

'1. An electro-magnetic gear comprising a rotatable driving element having a shortcircuited winding, a driven element in the form of a magnet operating inductively on the said winding and adapted to be driven by the driving element, a stationary magnet disposed ininductive relation to the said winding, and means for varying the-rela- "tive magneto motive force of the magnets to control the speed of the driven magnet. I 2. A device of the class described comprising a driving element having diiferent magnetic portions, a short-circuited winding on the said portions, a driven element in the form of a magnet inductively related to one of the said portions, a fixed magnet inductively related to the other portion of the driving element, and means for variably exciting the magnets relative to each other for obtaining a variable speed of the driven element.

3. A magnetic speed-changing device comprising a driving element having shortcircuited windings, magnets relatively rotated to each other and inductively related to the said windings, said windings having plylng excitlng current of uniform strength to one magnet, and means for supplying an exciting current of variable strength to the other magnetwhereby the speed of rotation of the movable magnet is controlled.

4. A magnetic speed-changing device comprising a driving element having a shortcircuited winding, a fixed magnet inductively related to the winding, a driven magnet inductively related to the winding, said 1.20 magnets being of corresponding pole pitch, stationary slip rings connected -with the source of current, means for supplying exciting current from the slip rings to thewindings of the rotating :nagnet, a commutator associated with the slip rings and electrically connected therewith, and means for controlling the strength of the current sup- 5. A magnetic speed-changing device comprising a driving rotor having a short-circuited Winding, a driven rotor in the form of a magnet having exciting windings and poles inductively related to the winding of the driving rotor, a fixed magnet surrounding the driving rotor and provided with windings inductively related to the driving rotor winding, slip .rings fixed with respect to the fixed magnet, a commutator having its segments connected with the windings of the fixed magnet, brushes carried by the rotor magnet to engage the slip rings and the commutator, and connections between the brushes and windings of the rotor magnet.

6. A ma netic speed-changing device comprising a iven element having two concentric magnetic portions or sections, a rotary driven magnet having its poles opposite the inner section of the driving rotor, exciting windings for the said poles, a fixed magnet surrounding the outer section of the driving rotor, polar windings on the fixed magnet, a short-circuited winding on the driving rotor in inductive relation to the poles of the said magnets, and means for suppiying current to the windings of the magnets, one of said means being controllable to vary the relative excitation of the magnets and thereby the speed of the. driven magnet.

- 7 In a magnetic speed-changing device 01 the class described, a driving rotor, compri ing an inner magnetic section, a sui rounding the same, an outer magnetic sec-- tion carried by the ring, and a shortcnited winding disposed over both sect 8. In a magnetic speed-changing device, a driving rotor comprising an inner section formed of a wound magnetic strip material, a ring surrounding the same and c thereby, an outer section formed off netic rings or laminations mounted on an surrounding the said ring, shot circuited winding disposed over the said tions.

In testimony whereof I my in presence or two witnesses.

BRONISLATW Bit Witnesses JAN BRUKWECKI, Ronni: BRUKwIcnL 

